Should Marijuana Be Legalized - 1436 Words

The legalization of marijuana has always been both a social and political issue. As of currently the direction of most debates about marijuana concern drug liberalization as the nation gets more and more progressive with marijuana. Quite recently, a few states have went forward and legalized marijuana for recreational use, and even Canada has taken its first step towards marijuana legalization. According to a survey conducted by the Pew Research Center, a nonpartisan organization that provides information about the issues, attitudes, and trends changing America, as of 2015, the support for marijuana is finally outpacing the opposition. In 2012, the National Survey on Drug Use and Health reported that marijuana is the most commonly used†¦show more content†¦On June 1971 Nixon officially declared a â€Å"war on drugs† calling it a serious national threat. Then on June 1973 Nixon created the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) which is responsible for coordinating and pursuing U.S. drug investigations. As of currently, marijuana is classified as a schedule I substance by the DEA, which makes it a federal crime to grow, possess, or distribute marijuana and to open, rent, or maintain a place of business for any of these purposes. Other substances classified as a schedule I drug include heroin, LSD, and MDMA. However, marijuana is clearly less dangerous and additive as these other drugs, which leads us to ask the question why is it that marijuana is still a schedule I drug. The Shafer Commission was a national committee commissioned by Nixon to perform one of the most comprehensive tests on the negative effects of marijuana. It was acknowledged that at that time, no one knew enough reliable information about marijuana. President Nixon appointed Governor Raymond P. Shafer of Pennsylvania to lead the national commission to report the negative effects of marijuana. Contrary to Nixon’s agenda, the Shafer Commission Report recommended the decriminalization of marijuana. The Shafer Commission Report basically discredited most of the stereotypes associated to Marijuana use. The idea that marijuana users are stupid, violent, and detrimental to society is

The Theory Of Routine Activity Theory - 870 Words

Choice theory (routine activity) or trait theories (bio social and psychological), which is responsible for more criminal activity? In order to determine which one causes more criminal activity, they each must be defined. Choice Theory (routine activity) Rational choice theory commonly known as choice theory is based off of beliefs from classic criminology, which believe that individuals freely choose their behavior and are motivated by the pursuit of gratification and the attempt to avoid pain. Choice theory gives the perspective of the reason why individual offenders commit specific crimes; individuals choose to commit crimes to seek happiness, and it can be rewarding, easy, satisfying, and fun. Offenders commit crimes because violating the law can be attractive and not because they from a broken home or troubled family. Choice theory also states that the decision to commit a crime comes after careful thought of weighing the reward versus the costs of the criminal activity. Routin e activity theory is a subpart of rational choice theory and was developed by Lawrence Cohen and Marcus Felson in 1979. Routine activity theory is based on three elements, which include suitable targets (such as homes with goods that are easily sold), the unavailability of capable guardians (such as homeowners, police officers and security guards), and the motivation for an offender (such as an unemployed offender). The offender’s decision to commit a crime is influenced by the opportunity;Show MoreRelatedRoutine Activities Theory Essays1787 Words   |  8 PagesThere are many definitions to theory. According to Akers (2009) â€Å"theories are tentative answers to the commonly asked questions about events and behavior† (Akers, (2009, p. 1). Theory is a set of interconnect statements that explain how two or more things are related in two casual fashions, based upon a confirmed hypotheses and established multiple times by disconnected groups of researchers. There are six elements that make a theory sound. These elements are scientific criteria that provide whetherRead MoreRational Choice And Routine Activities Theories1847 Words   |  8 Pageschoice and routine activities theories differ from each other because one looks at the offender side and the other looks at the victim. Rational choice theory believes that law-violating behavior is the result of cautious thought and planning of an individual by weighting the cost and the benefits before committing a crime. (Siegel 2011, p. 85). However, according to Siegel 2011, routine activities theory believes that victims put themselves in danger by engaging in high-risk activities, such as goingRead MoreRoutine Activities Theory : The Classical School Of Criminological Theory1354 Words   |  6 PagesRoutine activities theory or RAT was originally proposed by the classical school of criminological theory. Classical school theorists believe that humans are rational individuals who make deci sions based on their own free will. In short, humans oftentimes make decisions after taking into consideration the risk versus reward associated with the behavior. Essentially, routine activities theory draws from Amos Hawley’s (1950) theory of human ecology. This theory explores the terrestrial aspects of humanRead MoreRoutine Activity Theory, High Risk Lifestyles Theory1144 Words   |  5 Pagesapplication of routine activity theory in case of Rehtaeh Parson (victim) experienced sexual assault( followed by suicide) ,attempted by her friend (abuser and criminals). Routine activity theory basically originated from three theories: crime opportunity theory, victim precipitation theory, high risk lifestyles theory . Cohen and Marcus(1956 ) reported that Routine activity theory—also sometimes referred to as lifestyle theory—has proven to be one of the more useful theories for understandingRead MoreRational Choice Theory Vs Routine Activity Theory1299 Words   |  6 PagesRational Choice Theory and Routine Activity Theory are two of several different theories used in criminology. These two theories can help a person examine why a person would commit a crime in the first place. In this paper, I will explain that these two theories are as well as compare and contrast the two theories. Routine Activity Theory was developed by Marcus Felson and Lawrence E. Cohen. Routine activity theory helps identify criminal activity and behavior through explanation in crime rate. (CohenRead MoreRoutine Activity Theory By Marcus Felson1148 Words   |  5 PagesRoutine activity theory is a sub theory that was created by Marcus Felson. The routine theory is supported by the social control theory because of its principles. Principles that state crimes are considered normal activity when an opportunity arises. If the victim is available with no protection, then that situation will lead to criminal activity if the victim has value. The main principle is that opportunity is the causation of crime, and the social control theory main principle is to cancel allRead MoreRoutine Activity And Situational Crime Prevention Theory1082 Words   |  5 PagesRoutine activity theory states that for a crime to be committed, three important factors need to be present including: a motivated offender, an accessible target, and the absence of a capable guardian against a violation. Marcus Felson and Lawrence E. Cohen introduced the routine activity theory in 1979, where they believed that an individual who has these three characteristics gives them a greater possibility of committing a crime. Moreover, situational crime prevention is known as strategies ofRead MoreThe Case Of Mason s Routine Activity Theory1656 Words   |  7 Pagesliving with his aunt and not really seeing her often, who could he turn too when he needed reassurance, comfort or just companionship? According to Cohen and Felson’s routine activity theory has three main factors that must be met which are a motivated offender, a suitable target, and as well as the absence of a capable guardian. This theory focuses on that if there is an opportunity for crime that a motivated offender will seize the opportunity to do so. In the case of Mason that is exactly what he didRead MoreTechniques Used For Preventing Ro utine Activity Theory Essay3936 Words   |  16 Pages Fahmida Monita John Jay College of Criminal Justice Professor Sung-Yu Violet Techniques used to Prevent Routine Activity Theory December 12, 2014 Abstract Throughout society crime has been seen as a devastating social problem. Throughout this paper, I will be talking about residential burglary. Residential burglary is a property crime, and it is widespread worldwide, and can happen to almost any home. Residential burglary causes property loss and destruction of the home for the victimsRead MoreThe Importance Of Routine Activity And The Person Situation Interaction Theories Essay1853 Words   |  8 Pageswith these advances and how to use it to their advantage. An example of this is found in the Target data breach, where thousands of customers’ personal details were leaked. This essay will analyze this crime making use of Routine Activity and the Person-Situation Interaction theories to explain the motive behind this type of criminal behavior. Strategies will also be suggested to avoid a recurrence of such a crime. Crime overview Between the period of November 27th to December 15th 2013, over 11 gigabytes

Event Management in Business

Question: Is events management important for businesses? Explain. Answer: Introduction: The Event industry is seen to expand like never before. Company events and household ceremonies like wedding, birthday parties etc are nowadays are not celebrated in the traditional manner but these events are conducted in luxurious way, so that it has a long lasting impact on the people attending the event. Event planning is not a smooth process. It requires a good coordination between the team members of the event management group. (Simmons and Dalgleish, 2006) Event management is basically about creating events like festivals, conferences, business parties, ceremonies etc. The management team looks into myriad aspects like locating the audiences, understanding about the brand, looking into the logistics and planning, prior to the launch of the actual event. This industry has grown because business entities and other interest groups think it is an important way to market, establish business, and collect money or to celebrate. (Boag and Cuskelly, 2000) Event management broadly classified into two segments which is mainly corporate and live programmes. For corporate events, event management companies follow certain conditions. Firstly, Planning. The management team follows a complete detailed analysis and beforehand planning .Secondly, Promotion. The management team communicates to the attendees before and after the event to ensure a significant number of audiences and also to know their feedback. Thirdly, Preparation. Preparation is made on a powerful note as it arouses media curiosity and finally comes is Execution. Successful execution is what the team looks out for. Proper execution helps the management team to earn respect and also help earn more business from existing clients. We have seen corporate events account for a larger share of the total event in the present scenario. Since big corporate events are done in a lavish way and so for it good management troupe is really important. Business entrepreneur always want their pro duct launches or conferences to be successful. This is the reason why they see to the fact that their money is utilised in a proper channel. The thesis statement as suggests has both benefits and restraints to it. Just consulting an event management company for any event will not suffice. A company has to see whether the events to be organised will be beneficial or check whether the product to be launched need such grandeur show. (Getz, 1997) Arguments: There are a various Event management companies in UK that are primarily dedicated to launching corporate events. Event industry in UK account for approx 37 billion. An Event management companies caters to all business groups willing to host an event. Big multinational corporations like Oracle, IBM, and Fidelity have their own event management teams as they held parties and conferences at a greater frequency than smaller companies. Corporate events like award ceremonies are quite common in big multinationals. They give out awards to dedicated employees or those who have served the company for a long period. This as a result makes the employees sense that their dedication is appreciated by the company. All the company employees also come to know the type of work and their experiences with the company. Events of this type are held in large banquet rooms, or conference halls booked in luxurious hotels. (Van der Wagen and Carlos, 2005). Emerging companies they imitate the MNCs and try org anising events such as award distribution ceremonies, conferences but eventually fail to gain success. This is due to the fact that maximum funds are wasted in the course. As corporate firms are always in the limelight they cannot afford to lose contact from the outside world. We have seen this in large cap firms like Infosys. Even MNCs has their in-house events managed by professionals. But we have seen recently, many multinationals that used to spend copious amount of money in event related activities have slashed their budget because of recession (Mair, 2012). Product launch for big companies is crucial as a lot of time and resources has been devoted for manufacturing it. So, Event management planners are contacted. They provide a platform to bring their product to life, in this way the product is well marketed. This is indeed a good idea but planners may fail to capture the necessary audience, using their way of displaying the product. The proper marketing skill might be lacking on their part. This results in enormous loss to the client company. Corporate events are beneficial in the sense that it acts as a catalyst to build new relationship otherwise these contacts would be lost. With hosting of events, a companys credibility gets more pronounced and people get aware of the companys goodwill. Thus, we see corporate awareness is a result of these events (O'Toole and Mikolaitis, 2002). Pegasus an event management team (India) has a rich client base which includes Oracle, Tata, Barclays, Midday, Tuborg and many more. They rely on it because they have an international presence and organise conferences across India, South East Asia and the Middle East. Charges by such big event management companies are so huge that small companies hardly can afford. We dont hear local products launching with pomp and show. As a result the products do not even face the outer world and in no way can compete with the branded ones. The small companies or start ups mainly rely on door-to-door sales; distributing free samples for marketing but this does not help them to cover a wide geographical area. (Pernecky, 2015). There are numerous examples to show how small companies also crave for customers that deal only with elite companies. As Citi bank has good customer base, the small merchandiser they launch exhibition cum sales event primarily for Citi bank credit card holders. In this way they get a good business and are also able to maintain a reputable image. Through event marketing, a firm comes to know the traits of the targeted audiences. We have seen Burger King targeting the young crowd in the New York area and for doing so an event management company helped them to build 30-concert series in New York. Location also plays an important role while targeting audience. A product such as launch of a car, this would ideally take place in a metropolitan area rather than in a remote place. As a result bring in prospective customers (Robertson, Junek and Lockstone-Binney, 2014). Events that are managed professionally and has a lasting experience, brings in a lingering effect after the actual event. This is an added advantage as the attendees can recall the brand more frequently. Corporate events have become an essential part of any modern business firm. The factor that actually hits the mind of business entrepreneur is the cost .Irrespective of this cost; we see Event managing firms are growing (Rojek, 2013). Conclusion: Thus, there are both pros and cons of event management in business. Companies are more relying on such event management companies for their marketing skills and also because of their knowledge on this field. They know how audiences can be attracted and how they can be glued on to their seats when they come to such events. Though there may be huge cost on the part of the company, guarantee for profit is not always assured. (Whitford, Dunn and Cooper, 2013). An event may not always turn out to be positive. It may have some issues like technical glitches, local issues, limited funds etc. Due t o dearth of funds among small corporate, they fear to approach such event management companies. They like to organise events in their own premises. These types of events are not worth remembering. Company also do not get any exposure. With limited funds also companies can organise events. Funds are essential but implementation of plans is like a driving force for any type of event. Corporate event s have become like a trend now and it is expected to boom in the years to come. Recommendation: For corporate events to function in a marvellous way, it is always recommended to get hold of targeted audience. The entrepreneur must frequently get in touch with the event management planners to see how they are managing the whole event. Entirely relying on them might turn out to be a failure on the actual day. Selection of an event planner is also crucial. Business entrepreneur must decide on an event management planner who is well experienced in conducting corporate events or parties because they have a vivid idea on how events are organised. References Boag, A. and Cuskelly, G. (2000).Event management. Belconnen, ACT: Australian Sports Commission. Getz, D. (1997).Event management event tourism. New York: Cognizant Communication Corp. Mair, J. (2012). A Review of Business Events Literature.Event Management, 16(2), pp.133-141. O'Toole, W. and Mikolaitis, P. (2002).Corporate event project management. New York: Wiley. Pernecky, T. (2015). Sustainable Leadership in Event Management.Event Management, 19(1), pp.109-121. Robertson, M., Junek, O. and Lockstone-Binney, L. (2014). Introduction: ProfessIonalIzatIon and event ManageMent.Event Management, 18(1), pp.1-3. Rojek, C. (2013).Event power. London: Sage. Simmons, M. and Dalgleish, E. (2006).Corporate actions. Chichester, West Sussex, England: John Wiley. Van der Wagen, L. and Carlos, B. (2005).Event management. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson/Prentice Hall. Whitford, M., Dunn, A. and Cooper, C. (2013).Event Management. Oxford: Goodfellow Publishers Ltd.

Ann Burden is the main character in the novel Z for Zechariah by Robert OBrien Essay Example

Ann Burden is the main character in the novel Z for Zechariah by Robert OBrien Essay Ann Burden is the main character in the novel Z for Zechariah by Robert OBrien. The novel is in the form of her diary, written after a nuclear war. Ann, when the novel opens, is one month short of her sixteenth birthday and she has been surviving by herself for about a year with only chickens, 3 cows and some fish as the only other living creatures. Her family and their dog went out to look for other people but they didnt come back. Subsequently a stranger comes arrives into Burden valley. The diary then reveals Anns character and her reactions when the stranger cautiously enters the valley.Ann decides to be cautious herself and she hides in the cave and spies on him, she wants company but fears him just in case he is a madman. Before this she digs up the food she has been growing in her garden, and takes some of her possessions up to the cave where she hides from him. Then the stranger (called Mr Loomis) goes round with his Geiger counter and finds that there is no radiation in the valley. So he takes off his radiation suit and dives into Burden creek which is really the only thing in the valley which has radiation. Then the dog Faro returns and makes friends with the man. Mr Loomis then gets ill so Ann goes down to see him and she talks to him and he tells her about his condition and she wants to move him into the house but he tells her that the house is hers, so she insists. She puts him in David and Josephs room and dresses him in some pyjamas. Later on she goes to get some water and comes back to see Mr Loomis getting his big gun out and putting 3 holes though her parents bedroom. He was shouting about someone called Edward. At this point she manages to calm him down but she is also scared that he might do something to her.After nursing him back to health he tells her about the petrol and how to use the tractor. The day after she had used the tractor she was talking to him about the crops and he started to become demanding, telling her what to do and later in the conversation he made a pass at her, so she ran back to the cave.At this point in the diary Ann gets scared. Ann then said that she would not live in the house with him but she would come down every day to work on the field at get some food. The next day she comes down to get the tractor but she finds that the keys have gone. She goes and speaks to Mr Loomis and he said that she couldnt have them so she walked away and he shot her in the foot. At this point in the diary she realises that he is trying to manipulate her and he even took it to the extreme and shot her. She manages to get away. The next day she realises that she is faced with a choice, leave or stay, she decides to leave. She doesnt want to but she has to. She steals the suit and tent and goes to the top of Burden hill and waits. Mr Loomis tries to talk her out of it but she says, no I must go. He then goes to shoot her but she again manages to talk him out of it. This proves that she values human life rather tha n take it because she also had a gun but didnt try to shoot him . He tells her to go west because he saw birds circling.This tells us that she is extremely brave and self-sufficient.